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This paper aims to explore the nature and the scope of whistleblowing in Kuwait and in the UK. Whistleblowing is when a person, usually an employee, in a government agency or private enterprise, discloses information to the public or to those in authority, of mismanagement, corruption or other wrongdoing. Due to the unpredictable consequences of whistleblowing, it is probable that many employees who witness wrongdoing do not consider blowing the whistle, because they fear the impact of such action on their relationship with their employers.

The author evaluated the whistleblowing systems in different countries. He first tackled the nature of whistleblowing in general, proceeded to analyse whistleblowing in Kuwait with mentions from other countries and finally evaluated the whistleblowing process in the UK.

The whistleblowing situation in the UK is clearer than that in Kuwait. Recent improvements have been made in the UK to protect whistleblowers. In the UK, the whistleblowing law under the Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998 came into force in July 1999 to protect whistleblowers. Kuwait also has had some improvements, which were seen to offer legal protection for those raising concerns about corruption under Law no. 24 of 2012. However, the author recommends that the Kuwaiti Government should give more protection to whistleblowers, and there is a need to protect the whistleblowers.

Potential whistleblowers might feel discouraged from disclosing information against their organisation, fearing a backlash against them. This is where the law and the rights of employees must be clarified. This paper will, therefore, evaluate the system of whistleblowing in the UK under the Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998 and examine this against the whistleblowing law in Kuwait under the Whistleblowing Act no. 24 of 2012.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the importance of the system of administrative disciplinary procedures against the public employee in the State of Kuwait and the UK in light of the laws regulating the work in the public sector and, in particular, the statement of the disciplinary procedures that the public employee is subjected to.

This research paper will examine the disciplinary procedures in Kuwait and the UK as follows: disciplinary procedures in Kuwait and disciplinary procedures in UK, which consists of ; disciplinary procedures in the UK, disciplinary penalties in UK, grievance procedures in the UK, failure to follow the disciplinary procedures in the UK and standard procedure of discipline in the UK.

The duties and privileges of public employees stipulated in the Kuwait Civil Service Law are not sufficiently balanced as the penalties for higher ranked employees are lesser than those of employees in the lower rank. Public employees in the State of Kuwait need the establishment of an independent administrative court with its specialty and its own nature. There is also a need for a detailed list that specifies all the civil disciplinary offences. The discipline procedures in the UK are preferable than that in Kuwait.

The stages of discipline procedures for an offending employee have serious consequences and will affect the productivity of the work. Administrative investigation procedures may require public employees to be suspended from employment or have their employment terminated. It is, therefore, imperative for the administration to brief the public employee about all disciplinary actions that may be taken against him or her. As a consequence, the employee referred for an administrative investigation would be able to exercise his/her right to a fair trial and defend himself/herself.

In recent years, instant messaging platforms like WhatsApp have gained substantial popularity in both academic and practical domains. However, despite this growth, there is a lack of a comprehensive overview of the literature in this field. The primary purpose of this study is to bridge this gap by analyzing a substantial dataset of 12,947 articles retrieved from the Dimensions.ai, database spanning from 2011 to March 2023.

To achieve the authors' objective, the authors employ bibliometric analysis techniques. The authors delve into various bibliometric networks, including citation networks, co-citation networks, collaboration networks, keywords and bibliographic couplings. These methods allow for the uncovering of the social and conceptual structures within the academic discourse surrounding WhatsApp.

The authors' analysis reveals several significant findings. Firstly, the authors observe a remarkable and continuous growth in the number of academic studies dedicated to WhatsApp over time. Notably, two prevalent themes emerge: the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the role of WhatsApp in the realm of social media. Furthermore, the authors' study highlights diverse applications of WhatsApp, including its utilization in education and learning, as a communication tool, in medical education, cyberpsychology, security, psychology and behavioral learning.

This paper contributes to the field by offering a comprehensive overview of the scholarly research landscape related to WhatsApp. The findings not only illuminate the burgeoning interest in WhatsApp among researchers but also provide insights into the diverse domains where WhatsApp is making an impact. The analysis of bibliometric networks offers a unique perspective on the social and conceptual structures within this field, shedding light on emerging trends and influential research. This study thus serves as a valuable resource for scholars, practitioners and policymakers seeking to navigate the evolving landscape of WhatsApp research. The study will also be useful for researchers interested in conducting bibliometric analysis using Dimensions.ai, a free database.